Piston skirt treatment study

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Mr. Rick

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forgot to leave the best piston surface url. Pleased on doing it to mower with chain saw file.
http://www.federalmogul.com/en-US/Media/Documents/HighqualitySAEpaper200909PFL1163manuscript2.pdf

In this study we find:
Table 2. Piston Specifications: Piston alloy Hypereutectic alloy... Pin offset 0.5 mm to thrust side... Skirt roughness 18Rz... Skirt treatment No coating... Piston length 53.9 mm
and:
Each profile variant is shown in Figure 2. The blue (dark) area of each piston profile represents the area is recessed by 35 to 40 um.

By my math 37 nanometers comes to 1.5 millionths of an inch. Hobot is pleased with the results of machining this recess into his mower's piston with a chain saw file?:)
What am I missing, Steve?
 
In this study we find:
Table 2. Piston Specifications: Piston alloy Hypereutectic alloy... Pin offset 0.5 mm to thrust side... Skirt roughness 18Rz... Skirt treatment No coating... Piston length 53.9 mm
and:
Each profile variant is shown in Figure 2. The blue (dark) area of each piston profile represents the area is recessed by 35 to 40 um.

By my math 37 nanometers comes to 1.5 millionths of an inch. Hobot is pleased with the results of machining this recess into his mower's piston with a chain saw file?:)
What am I missing, Steve?

I just answered my own question. As (RIP Gilda Radner) Roseanne Rosannadanna wd say: Never mind!
If I cd figure out to delete my own post, I'd do that...
 
As you figured out, there are about 25 um/0.001" inch, so the pattern being 35-40 um is ~ 0.0015" deep.
 
Aha, hooked one on winter oil bai thread.

Its been discussed prior that Norton 89mm stroke piston speed causes enough bore friction to nullify benefits reving over reline. The study showed most significant friction reduction on the pattern with the bar above a squarish section below. That is more/less what I did to Kolher 18 hp horizontal twin to see if smoked or made noises, doing it 'crudely' by hand. It runs fine so with a bit more finesse did similar to Trixie Combat but ruined cylinder with wife's help installing so no report on our vertical twins. As don't need much depth it struck me that I was handy with round saw files so just followed arc of piston taking off a few 1000ths. Width of reliefs was about as wide as the mild thrust 'scrub' marks showed. Pretty easy to get decent relief area with edges feathered to untouched level. Academic study for most unless a heartless rpm hooligan or racer. I've had 2 Nortons that surprised me & bigger moderns by exceeding safe rpm operation so my real interest is eventually applying to Mz Peel's JMS pancake pistons Jimmy's drilling out lightening holes prevent applying and may be shooting self in foot if friction reduction more significant than slightly lighter piston inertia, beyond red zone rpm where it matters.
 
Well, I'm ashamed to have missed the mark by 3 decimal places, reading micrometers as nanometers. I take some comfort in learning that even the best cosmologists are still (despite a recent breakthrough finding intergalactic filaments of warm/hot gas) trying to account for 80 or 90 % of the expected matter in our universe.

One statement in the study was particularly interesting, I thought:
9. As engine speed increases, the piston skirt friction of AV304 decreases whereas the friction of the other profiles increases. This is because AV304 has better lubrication of the load bearing surface.

And as for holes vs profiling, points 3 and 7 might be relevant?
3. A uniform oil spreading pattern without oil flow disturbance is very important in reducing piston skirt friction
7. Reduction in skirt contact area is not always an effective way to reduce skirt friction. Oil can be squeezed out of the bearing area, resulting in oil starvation.
 
Ok Mr. Rich gave me a spike of groin tightening on your first translation of relief measure units. Space craft been lost on such simple over sights. Postdoc solid state physical chemistry grade is lowered by a whole letter for each .00Xth digit off ideal theory, trying to resolve number on slide rule scales. I have my own theory on why this texture pattern works out based on childhood hydro plane boats and later electron orbital shells/shapes/extensions in condensed matter under pressure/heat jumbling up rolling like ball bearing rather than shearing Van der Waals Forcesg Can't ignore fact this specific texture pattern gives less friction the faster it goes, just like my hydroplanes.

I spend more time on quantum to cosmic quandaries/dilemmas distractions than Commando banter. More and more baryon matter being discovered, such as hot gases in cosmic webs and also more and more magnetic influence of plasma flows on concentrations matter for star formation, which must be created by electron flows/spins, so less and less need of dark matter to account for galactic spins, implying electromagnetic theory explains more than current billiard balls "general" relativistic 'Plagiarized' gravity.

Rest your restless mind on these leads.
https://www.google.com/search?clien...b..2.25.2224...0j0i67k1j0i131k1.0.4TG2LlJljW4
 
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Ok here's the trailer 18 min.

Here's the movie
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=electric+universe+theory
Here's conjecture on ancient symbols implying Irish have the right motto, we are here for a good time not a long time.

https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=electric+universe+theory

Commando connection to me besides hooligan innovations is subconscious processing of above to spill out the blue from Wesley at stops, so breath taking, we could not ignore, stopped for slack to take it all in, sharing a doobie before next Ozarks wonder. Weslty barely got out HS, could not type so never posted online, but would blurt out the current physics preventing interstellar travel to conclude any UFO-E.T.'s must of been here as long or longer than us, which shocked me as matched my same reasoning first gleaned decades ago in yogic LSD physics insights. We'd nod in merged bliss, step on starters to rolling eyes at what UFO's are missing on our low level flying carpets through Ozarks twisties/steepies.

Mr. Rick, plug your physics into this inbetween Commando issues.
 
Thanks, grandpaul, for straightening that out. So many ways to be wrong!
No worries. Gilda's death marked the beginning of the end of GOOD comedy on SNL and everywhere. "Comedy" these days is often just cr@p coarse language and politics, I haven't seen anything funny on SNL ANY of a dozen times I've flipped over for a few seconds in the last decade.
 
Get back on track. Here's the piston coating I've worked out for the lightweight pistons. Line 2 line coating slick plus finish with .0015" thick coating on each skirt. Expect a snug fit, quiet running and longer piston life. After break in you end up with a tighter piston than you would with uncoated skirts.

Piston skirt treatment study
 
Jim, is the coating Teflon based?

I have siezed Teflon coated pistons before, which makes me conclude that the coating, whilst good, does not replace the need for an effective oil film.

If your coated pistons are a snug fit, why are they not going to suffer from lack of oil film?
 
Its not teflon, Its graphite. The coating is designed to abraid away at the tight spots. This happens when the piston heats up and expands to the point where (as you said) there is no room for oil film. Recommended break in procedure is to give it on and off throttle so the piston heats up (eliminating the oil film and wearing away some coating) then backing off and allowing oil film to return. The coating prevents scuffing which would happen if you tried to run a bare piston at such tight clearances. Line 2 line recommends an even thicker coating that I'm not willing to try. If it gets too thick it will actually hold down the RPM (drag the motor down) - approaching seizure which is crazy - but again your pistons are still protected from scuffing as long as there is coating.

Yves has this coating on his pistons now and he is heading into the dyno with only about 100 miles on his motor. The tight pistons may actually hold down his HP output until they loosen up. But there is no holding back Yves. He doesn't like to wait.

Piston skirts collapse right away and that also helps loosen them up. The coating allows you to run a tighter clearance than usual so they survive and reach they point of non- interference without damage. They couldn't do that without the coating.
 
Such coatings can also be used to read wear patterns to perfect piston dimensions - barrel and taper.

Exactly - so with the coating wearing off on the tight spots and not wearing off in places that have more clearance - you end up with a piston that's perfectly dimensioned - better sealing, quiet running and longer life.
 
I always thought it was the piston rings that were supposed to do the sealing against compression and oil intrusion. With the long stroke commando engine and high revs, ring-flutter might be a problem. Excessive piston skirt clearance can lead to piston slap which can break the piston, other than that excessive clearance might be a good thing ?
 
This is part of a discussion on the INOALIST from 2006 on another type of parts coating.
It also states as, Jim has said, how it wears away at tight areas, but still clings in the porosity in the worn area.
I was amazed at how Rick Simms could make parts work. I saved some of his post, this being one.
His passing was a loss to our world.
..........................................................................................................
Rick Simms <nortonwizard@yahoo.com> wrote: Sherwood,
This may shed some light on some of your questions. The manufacturer's official story is that dry-film Moly coated things, like gears, get sheered down to the appropriate interface in seconds, leaving the remainder wiithin the pores of the metal, to make for a slick surface. I once asked, "Well, just who does use this stuff?" Not knowing that I lived down the street from the place, the coatings guy said, "Well, one of our bigger cutomers is Tenneco," to which I asked, "You mean the Newport News Ship Building & Dry Dock Company...the world's largest commercial shipyard?" He said, "Yeah, you've heard of 'em?" Duh!

As to pistons, I'd wonder the same as you, if the gear coating might make up for a little slack. I don't know for sure, as I don't know how much effect the remaining amount will have, after wearing in. I had a set of Norton pistons done with the early, softer, Piston-Kote, that was discontinued. After about 10,000 miles, nearly 50% of the soft coating was still in place, much of it intact. It tapered down as it appraoached the bottoms of the skirts. Just as they had predicted, it looked just like their tech-sheet illustrations. The aluminum still showed black speckles in the porosiity, and way more than I would have expected.

I've had to take the cylinders off of the Trident twice, since I did them myself with the harder Gear-Kote. Though there was no wear to cylinders or pistons, in the nearly new engine, the fit was on the sloppy end of acceptable parameters. So I used plenty of the stuff, and baked it in the higher temperture range, for maximum hardness. Again, I was surprised to see how much was still there, looking almost untouched in places. With about the same amount of miles acrued, as the softer coating in the other bike, it was obvious that the harder version was much more durable. Less than 1/2", at the bottom edges of the skirts, showed much aluminum though it, and that was only concentrated in the center, where all the rocking pressure is placed. As with the softer version, the porosity was packed with the coating, but much more visible, and only a much smaller fraction of the aluminum was actually showing. So to answer your question of making up a little slack...I think the gear
coating can buy some time, if not seriously make up a difference. But my observations are somewhat subjective, and I don't know enough engineering to know what or how to test for real results...other than observing that it's stuill there after going through hell. I'm told you'd have a hard time putting too much on pistons, as any excess just burnishes right down to what ever nomal fit it seeks. It's definitely durable. You could argue that the oil cooler, or the synthetic oil, prevented the pistons' destruction, when it overheated and started to seize several times. But the heat and friction were enough to slow the bike down, like the brakes were on, even at full throttle. That was unmistakable, and it had been more than enough to totally destroy my friend's BSA pistons, when the same thing happened to him.

I've only seen it flake off in a few spots, once or twice, and that was only on pot- metal carbs, which always have some natural corrosion. They also hadn't been properly perpared. But properly prepped metal will just not lelt this stuff go. You literally have to abrade into the metal to scrape and sand it off. Unlike the crude bonding of paint, this is chemically bonded, so it can't be separated.

I'd forgot all about one other time I used it for something out of the ordinary. I acquired a disc front end, and the all aluminum master cylinder was a mass of corrosion. The inside was severely pitted, and I didn't know about sleeving, even if it had been available. Remembering how gear coating had restored many carbs & slides, I started air brushing layers into the master cylinder. Being a liquid, it puddles to it's own height, so the pitting was filled up pretty quickly. Of course the piston and seals would have been too tight, so I honed it out with a flap hone that I made from a 1/4" dowel. I put a slot in the dowel with a small dove-tail saw, and used a double flap of something like 180 grit wet paper. I honed it out, like you used to do to drum-brake cylinders. When the aluminum was just barely starting to show through, I dusted in one last thin coat and baked it. Once cured and hardened, I lapped & polished it one last time with wet 600 paper, to get it
absolutely true. There were no more pits showing and it looked like new, except black and polished. It's seemed to work perfectly, for years, and I couldn't see any reason the soft rubber seal on the piston would cause the coating to wear.

As you said, polishing has been shown to be effective for some things. The coating manufacturers tout this stuff for insulating and dissipating heat in those same spots. I've tried it on carb intakes and piston crowns, so far, and it polishes up like something halfway bettween paint and aluminum. though it's a lot harder than paint. I did my aluminum brake & clutch levers, the master cylinder and cap with the gear coating, as it is more durable than the protective & decorative coatings you can get. Polished up with part in dark gold, the master cyliner looks trick, and never needs polishing, again. It's had a few comments made, but I definitely don't think it looks like a zoot-suit. Unlike doing carb & slide restoration with this stuff, which takes days, restoring the bore of the master cylinder went like lighting. I haven't tried it, yet, but I don't see why, if applied and polished, it wouldn't be a benefit to already polished exhaust ports. It seems to be working in
that context on my piston crowns.

sherwood shute <nealmeal2000@yahoo.com> wrote:
my biggest fear with coatings are they might come off-one of the nicest things i can think of with coatings:they take up clearance so i might not have to replace those pistons after all-its real nice when you can't even find the parts you need anymore.I also see value in polishing some parts like combustion chambers because it helps resist heat and if they had a ceramic coating it might be more heat resistant along with the tops of the pistons.I have heard of people painting the insides of engine cases to help oil drain down but think once again polishing might have done the same thing and might even transfer heat better-a heat resistant coating on the exhaust port might be a good thing also,so if you add it all up,could make quite a difference-sherwood
 
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